![]() – such as the Varroa mite ( Varroa destructor), the Asian hornet ( Vespa velutina), and the small hive beetle Aethina tumida – and environmental changes (e.g. use, starvation and poor bee nutrition The science of how diet relates to the body's need for sustenance., viruses, attacks by pathogens and invasive species Animal, plant or other organism introduced by man into places out of its natural range of distribution. These include the effects of intensive agriculture and pesticide Substance used to kill or control pests, including disease-carrying organisms and undesirable insects, animals and plants. However, several possible contributing factors have been suggested, acting in combination or separately. ![]() No single cause of declining bee numbers has been identified. In recent years, beekeepers have been reporting unusual weakening of bee numbers and colony losses, particularly in Western European countries including France, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, the UK, the Netherlands, Italy and Spain. In view of the important ecological and economic value of bees, there is a need to monitor and maintain healthy bee stocks, not just locally or nationally, but globally. Beyond the essential value of pollination to maintaining biodiversity, the global annual monetary value of pollination has been estimated at hundreds of billions of euros. The majority of crops grown in the European Union depend on insect pollination. that provide 90% of food worldwide, 71 are pollinated by bees. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimates that of the 100 crop species A subdivision of the genus, a species is a group of closely related and similar-looking organisms for example, in the case of Homo sapiens (humans), the second part of the name (sapiens) represents the species. They contribute to human wealth and wellbeing directly through the production of honey and other food and feed supplies such as: pollen, wax for food processing, propolis in food technology, and royal jelly as a dietary supplement and ingredient Any substance deliberately added to a foodstuff which will remain in the finished product, even in an altered form. Beekeeping is an ancient tradition, and honey bees have been kept in Europe for several millennia. by providing essential pollination for a wide range of crops and wild plants. Insect pollinators, including wild and managed bees, are critically important in the environment, sustaining biodiversity A term used to describe the variety of living organisms existing in a specific environment. Competent organisations in Member States.
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